The role of ultrasound in the assessment of tendon and joint disease is now very well established.. As technical advances improve, applications have broadened into examinations of smaller structures. Ligaments play an important role particularly in joint stabilisation. Their collagen based structure provides an imaging appearance similar to that of tendons but on a smaller scale. Ligaments run between one bone and another and act as stabilisers either of joints or soft tissue structures. Retinacula have their origin and attachment to the same bone and most commonly stabilise tendons particularly when the tendon follows a curved course. This presentation will review the anatomy and common pathology of some of the more important ligaments and retinacula. In the upper limb, particular attention will be paid to the rotator interval, ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow, and the pulley and sagittal band system of the fingers. In the lower limb the important ligaments include the collateral ligaments of the knee and ankle as well as the intertarsal ligaments. The presentation will demonstrate the anatomy, technical tips on ultrasound scanning and pathological findings in these structures.