A well-functioning dialysis graft or fistula can improve the quality of life for those with end stage renal disease. Concerted efforts have resulted in the more frequent use of fistulas for their longevity and lower risk of infection. Following creation of a dialysis access, the vascular sonographer is frequently asked to evaluate these for function and maturation. This presentation will discuss the protocol for evaluating fistulas and grafts and the interpretation criteria to use.

Special attention will be devoted to evaluation for steal, as the consequences of this can be devastating for hand function. Other findings will be mentioned, such as stenting for stenosis, pseudoaneurysms, and aneurysms.